ABSTRACT
Cold agglutinin disease(CAD) is an autoimmune disease that occurs against erythrocyte antigens. It is usually idiopathic, but some infections can also be a trigger. CAD becomes active in the peripheral circulation at lower temperatures more easily when exposed to cold, causing hemolysis or agglutination. In this article, the management of a coronary bypass case with CA formation in intraoperative period is presented. A 46-year-old diabetic and hypertensive male patient had COVID-19 2 months ago. Cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) was initiated with adequate heparinization, and the patient was cooled to 32degreeC. It was noticed that there were clots in the cardioplegia delivery line(+1degreeC). Agglutinations were observed in the autologous blood of the patient whose ACT values were normal. After CPB, the operation was completed without any problems and the patient was discharged on the 5th day with recovery. A diagnosis of CAD was made with the results of peripheral smear and immunologic tests. Determination of antibody concentration and thermal amplitude in the preoperative period in patients with CAD is very important. While preparing such patients for surgery, heating of room, patient, fluids, planning of normothermic CPB, and using warm cardioplegia are required. The relationship between CAD and COVID has started to take place in the literature. The patient we presented had a COVID 2 months ago, cold agglutinin may have been induced by COVID or may have arisen idiopathic. Considering that many people may have had a COVID nowadays, care should be taken especially in the perioperative period of cardiac surgery.Copyright © Telif hakki 2022 Gogus-Kalp-Damar Anestezi ve Yogun Bakim Dernegi Dergisi - Available online at www.gkdaybd.org.
ABSTRACT
Cold agglutinin disease(CAD) is an autoimmune disease that occurs against erythrocyte antigens. It is usually idiopathic, but some infections can also be a trigger. CAD becomes active in the peripheral circulation at lower temperatures more easily when exposed to cold, causing hemolysis or agglutination. In this article, the management of a coronary bypass case with CA formation in intraoperative period is presented. A 46-year-old diabetic and hypertensive male patient had COVID-19 2 months ago. Cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) was initiated with adequate heparinization, and the patient was cooled to 32degreeC. It was noticed that there were clots in the cardioplegia delivery line(+1degreeC). Agglutinations were observed in the autologous blood of the patient whose ACT values were normal. After CPB, the operation was completed without any problems and the patient was discharged on the 5th day with recovery. A diagnosis of CAD was made with the results of peripheral smear and immunologic tests. Determination of antibody concentration and thermal amplitude in the preoperative period in patients with CAD is very important. While preparing such patients for surgery, heating of room, patient, fluids, planning of normothermic CPB, and using warm cardioplegia are required. The relationship between CAD and COVID has started to take place in the literature. The patient we presented had a COVID 2 months ago, cold agglutinin may have been induced by COVID or may have arisen idiopathic. Considering that many people may have had a COVID nowadays, care should be taken especially in the perioperative period of cardiac surgery.Copyright © Telif hakki 2022 Gogus-Kalp-Damar Anestezi ve Yogun Bakim Dernegi Dergisi - Available online at www.gkdaybd.org.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to demonstrate the digital leadership roles of Turkish sports journalists on Twitter individually and institutionally. During the Post Covid-19 pandemic process, journalists from institutional newspapers gained more active visibility, particularly on Twitter. Unlike traditional leadership roles, digital leadership is measured more within the context of interconnected relationships with followers and interactions on Twitter. Along with engaging followers on Twitter and attempting to address their interests and needs, sports journalists also compile their institutional and personal opinions and post them on Twitter. For this reason, in the present study, we analyzed the Twitter accounts of five well-known sports journalists actively engaged in Turkey and their institutional newspapers for one month. Then, we compared their followers, interactions, and contents. Accordingly, although online posts of sports journalists were less (n = 922) than the institutions they were employed in, they contrarily received more online interaction (e.g., retweet, mention, like). While 51.82% of Twitter posts shared by sports journalists reflected their own opinions and comments, the remaining 48.18% were typically in the form of mentions and retweets. The interactions of the sports journalists with their followers, at a rate of 28.83% in particular, were a significant rate for satisfying their followers' informational, enquiring, and practical needs. Indeed, such an attempt plays a critical role in the adoption of digital leadership roles by the followers of sports journalists. Contrary to traditional leadership roles, the number of followers and interaction rate were the main factors to signify digital leadership;however, aspects such as institution, age, and economic and social statuses were insignificant in the adoption of sports journalists as digital leaders on Twitter. (C) CIKD Publishing